Biomedical Engineering (BME)

Professor Truskey, Chair; Professor Chilkoti, Director of Graduate Studies; Professors Barr, Chilkoti, R. Clark, Collins, Dewhirst, Friedman, Gauthier, Guilak, Henriquez, Izatt, Jaszczak, Johnson, Katz, Krassowska, Laursen, Leong, Myers, Needham, Nicolelis, Nolte, Reichert, Samei, Setton, S. Smith, Song, Trahey, Truskey, Vo-Dinh, von Ramm, and Zalutsky; Associate Professors Dobbins, Grill, MacFall, Ramanujam, Tornai, Wolf, Yuan; Assistant Professors Bursac, Idriss, Lo, Mukundan, Nightingale, Tian, Wax, and You; Professors Emeriti H. Clark, Hammond, McElhaney, Plonsey; Associate Research Professor Bass; Assistant Research Professor Klitzman

Biomedical engineering is the discipline in which the physical, mathematical, and engineering sciences and associated technology are applied to biology and medicine. Contributions range from modeling and simulation of physiological systems through experimental research to solutions of practical clinical problems. The goal of the graduate program in biomedical engineering is to combine training in advanced engineering, biomedical engineering, and the life sciences so that graduates of the program can contribute at the most advanced professional level. The doctoral dissertation should demonstrate significant and original contributions to an interdisciplinary topic, accomplished as an independent investigator. The major, current research areas of the department are: biochemical engineering, biofluid mechanics, biomechanics, biomedical materials, biomedical modeling, biosensors, biotechnology, data acquisition and processing, medical imaging, and electrophysiology. Every biomedical engineering graduate student is required to serve as a teaching assistant as part of the graduate training.

201L. Electrophysiology (AC or GE). The electrophysiology of excitable cells from a quantitative perspective. Topics include the ionic basis of action potentials, the Hodgkin-Huxley model, impulse propagation, source-field relationships, and an introduction to functional electrical stimulation. Students choose a relevant topic area for detailed study and report. Not open to students who have taken Biomedical Engineering 101L or equivalent. Instructor: Barr, Bursac, Grill, Henriquez, or Krassowska. 4 units.

202L. Fundamentals of Biomaterials and Biomechanics (AC or GE). This course will cover principles of physiology, materials science and mechanics with particular attention to topics most relevant to biomedical engineering. Areas of focus include the structure-functional relationships of biocomposites including biological tissues and biopolymers; extensive treatment of the properties unique to biomaterials surfaces; behavior of materials in the physiological environment, and biomechanical failure criterion. The course includes selected experimental measurements in biomechanical and biomaterial systems. Prerequisites: Math 108, Engineering 75, Mechanical Engineering 83, and Chemistry 22L or the equivalent. Instrustor: Staff. 3 units.

204. Measurement and Control of Cardiac Electrical Events (GE, IM, EL). Design of biomedical devices for cardiac application based on a review of theoretical and experimental results from cardiac electrophysiology. Evaluation of the underlying cardiac events using computer simulations. Examination of electrodes, amplifiers, pacemakers, and related computer apparatus. Construction of selected examples. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 101L and 153L or equivalents. Instructor: Wolf. 3 units.

206. Elasticity (GE, BB). Linear elasticity will be emphasized including concepts of stress and strain as second order tensors, equilibrium at the boundary and within the body, and compatibility of strains. Generalized solutions to two and three dimensional problems will be derived and applied to classical problems including torsion of noncircular sections, bending of curved beams, stress concentrations and contact problems. Applications of elasticity solutions to contemporary problem in civil and biomedical engineering will be discussed. Prerequisites: Undergraduate partial differential equations or equivalent math course, Introductory Mechanics of Solids. Instructor: Myers. 3 units. C-L: Civil Engineering 206

207. Transport Phenomena in Biological Systems (AC or GE, BB). An introduction to the modeling of complex biological systems using principles of transport phenomena and biochemical kinetics. Topics include the conservation of mass and momentum using differential and integral balances; rheology of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids; steady and transient diffusion in reacting systems; dimensional analysis; homogeneous versus heterogeneous reaction systems. Biomedical and biotechnological applications are discussed. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 100L and Mathematics 108. Instructor: Friedman, Katz, Truskey, or Yuan. 3 units. C-L: Civil Engineering 207, Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science 207

210. Molecular Basis of Membrane Transport (GE, MC, EL). Transport of substances through cell membranes examined on a molecular level, with applications of physiology, drug delivery, artificial organs and tissue engineering. Topics include organization of the cell membrane, membrane permeability and transport, active transport and control of transport processes. Assignments based on computer simulations, with emphasis on quantitative behavior and design. Prerequisites: Biology 25L or equivalent, Mathematics 107 or equivalent. Instructors: Friedman or Krassowska. 3 units.

211. Theoretical Electrophysiology (GE, EL). Advanced topics on the electrophysiological behavior of nerve and striated muscle. Source-field models for single-fiber and fiber bundles lying in a volume conductor. Forward and inverse models for EMG and ENG. Bidomain model. Model and simulation for stimulation of single-fiber and fiber bundle. Laboratory exercises based on computer simulation, with emphasis on quantitative behavior and design. Readings from original literature. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 101L or 201L or equivalent. Instructor: Barr or Krassowska. 4 units.

212. Theoretical Electrocardiography (GE, EL). Electrophysiological behavior of cardiac muscle. Emphasis on quantitative study of cardiac tissue with respect to propagation and the evaluation of sources. Effect of junctions, inhomogeneities, anisotropy, and presence of unbounded extracellular space. Bidomain models. Study of models of arrhythmia, fibrillation, and defibrillation. Electrocardiographic models and forward simulations. Laboratory exercises based on computer simulation, with emphasis on quantitative behavior and design. Readings from original literature. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 101L or 201L or equivalent. Instructor: Barr. 4 units.

213L. Nonlinear Dynamics in Electrophysiology (GE, EL). Electrophysiological behavior of excitable membranes and nerve fibers examined with methods of nonlinear dynamics. Phase-plane analysis of excitable membranes. Limit cycles and the oscillatory behavior of membranes. Phase resetting by external stimuli. Critical point theory and its applications to the induction of rotors in the heart. Theory of control of chaotic systems and stabilizing irregular cardiac rhythms. Initiation of propagation of waves and theory of traveling waves in a nerve fiber. Laboratory exercises based on computer simulations, with emphasis on quantitative behavior and design. Readings from original literature. Prerequisite: Mathematics 107 or equivalent. Instructor: Krassowska. 4 units.

215. Biomedical Materials and Artificial Organs (GE, BB). Chemical structures, processing methods, evaluation procedures, and regulations for materials used in biomedical applications. Applications include implant materials, components of ex vivo circuits, and cosmetic prostheses. Primary emphasis on polymer-based materials and on optimization of parameters of materials which determine their utility in applications such as artificial kidney membranes and artificial arteries. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 83L and 100L or their equivalent or consent of instructor. Instructor: Reichert. 3 units. C-L: Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science 215

216. Transport Phenomena in Cells and Organs (GE, MC). Applications of the principles of mass and momentum transport to the analysis of selected processes of biomedical and biotechnological interest. Emphasis on the development and critical analysis of models of the particular transport process. Topics include: reaction-diffusion processes, transport in natural and artificial membranes, dynamics of blood flow, pharmacokinetics, receptor-mediated processes and macromolecular transport, normal and neoplastic tissue. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 207 or equivalent. Instructor: Truskey or Yuan. 3 units.

220L. Introduction to Biomolecular Engineering (GE, BB, MC). Structure of biological macromolecules, recombinant DNA techniques, principles of and techniques to study protein structure-function. Discussion of biomolecular design and engineering from the research literature. Linked laboratory assignments to alter protein structure at the genetic level. Expression, purification, and ligand-binding studies of protein function. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Chilkoti. 3 units.

222. Principles of Ultrasound Imaging (GE, IM). Propagation, reflection, refraction, and diffraction of acoustic waves in biologic media. Topics include geometric optics, physical optics, attenuation, and image quality parameters such as signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range, and resolution. Emphasis is placed on the design and analysis of medical ultrasound imaging systems. Prerequisites: Mathematics 107 or 111 and Physics 62L. Instructor: von Ramm. 3 units.

227L. Design in Biotechnology (DR or GE, MC, BB). Design of custom strategies to address real-life issues in the development of biocompatible and biomimetic devices for biotechnology or biomedical applications. Student teams will work with a client in the development of projects that incorporate materials science, biological transport and biomechanics. Formal engineering design principles will be emphasized; overview of intellectual properties, engineering ethics, risk analysis, safety in design and FDA regulations will be reviewed. Oral and written reports, and prototype development will be required. This course is intended as a capstone design course for the upper-level undergraduate biomedical engineering students with a focused interest in bimolecular science, biotechnology, transport, drug delivery, biomechanics and related disciplines. Prerequisites: BME 207, Statistics 113, or equivalent. Instructors: Gimm. 3 units.

228. Laboratory in Cellular and Biosurface Engineering (GE, MC). Introduction to common experimental and theoretical methodologies in cellular and biosurface engineering. Experiments may include determination of protein and peptide diffusion coefficients in alginate beads, hybridoma cell culture and antibody production, determination of the strength of cell adhesion, characterization of cell adhesion or protein adsorption by total internal reflection fluorescence, and Newtonian and non-Newtonian rheology. Laboratory exercises are supplemented by lectures on experiment design, data analysis, and interpretation. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 207 or equivalent. Instructor: Truskey. 3 units.

230. Tissue Biomechanics (GE, BB). Introduction to the mechanical behaviors of biological solids and fluids with application to tissues, cells and molecules of the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Topics to be covered include static force analysis and optimization theory, biomechanics of linearly elastic solids and fluids, anisotropic behaviors of bone and fibrous tissues, blood vessel mechanics, cell mechanics and behaviors of single molecules. Emphasis will be placed on modeling stress-strain relations in these tissues, and experimental devices used to measure stress and strain. Student seminars on topics in applied biomechanics will be included. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 110L or Engineering 75L and Mathematics 108. Instructor: Myers or Setton. 3 units.

231. Intermediate Biomechanics (GE, BB). Introduction to solid and orthopaedic biomechanical analyses of complex tissues and structures. Topics to be covered include: spine biomechanics, elastic modeling of bone, linear and quasi-linear viscoelastic properties of soft tissue (for example, tendon and ligament), and active tissue responses (for example, muscle). Emphasis will be placed on experimental techniques used to evaluate these tissues. Student seminars on topics in applied biomechanics will be included. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 110L or Engineering 75L and Mathematics 108. Instructor: Myers or Setton. 3 units.

233. Modern Diagnostic Imaging Systems (AC or GE). The underlying concepts and instrumentation of several modern medical imaging modalities. Review of applicable linear systems theory and relevant principles of physics. Modalities studied include X-ray radiography (conventional film-screen imaging and modern electronic imaging), computerized tomography (including the theory of reconstruction), and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 171 and Statistics 113 or equivalent, junior or senior standing. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Smith or Trahey. 3 units. C-L: Medical Physics 230

235. Acoustics and Hearing (GE, IM). The generation and propagation of acoustic (vibrational) waves and their reception and interpretation by the auditory system. Topics under the heading of generation and propagation include free and forced vibrations of discrete and continuous systems, resonance and damping, and the wave equation and solutions. So that students may understand the reception and interpretation of sound, the anatomy and physiology of the mammalian auditory system are presented; and the mechanics of the middle and inner ears are studied. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 171 or equivalent and Mathematics 107 or 111. Instructor: Collins or Trahey. 3 units. C-L: Electrical and Computer Engineering 284

236L. Biophotonic Instrumentation (DR or GE, IM). Theory and laboratory practice in optics, and in the design of optical instruments for biomedical applications. Section I focuses on basic optics theory and laboratory practice. Section II focuses on deeper understanding of selected biophotonic instruments, including laboratory work. Section III comprises the design component of the course. In this part, student teams are presented with a design challenge, and work through the steps of engineering design culminating in building a prototype solution to the design challenge. Lecture topics include engineering design, intellectual property protection, engineering ethics, and safety. Prerequisites: BME 154. Instructor: Izatt or Wax. 3 units.

237. Biosensors (GE, IM, MC). Biosensors are defined as the use of biospecific recognition mechanisms in the detection of analyte concentration. The basic principles of protein binding with specific reference to enzyme-substrate, lectin-sugar, antibody-antigen, and receptor-transmitting binding. Simple surface diffusion and absorption physics at surfaces with particular attention paid to surface binding phenomena. Optical, electrochemical, gravimetric, and thermal transduction mechanisms which form the basis of the sensor design. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 83L and 100L or their equivalent and consent of instructor. Instructor: Reichert. 3 units.

239. Cell Transport Mechanisms (GE, MC). Analysis of the migration of cells through aqueous media. Focus on hydrodynamic analysis of the directed self-propulsion of individual cells, use of random walk concepts to model the nondirected propulsion of individual cells, and development of kinetic theories of the migrations of populations of cells. Physical and chemical characteristics of the cells' environments that influence their motion, including rheologic properties and the presence of chemotactic, stimulatory, or inhibitory factors. Cell systems include mammalian sperm migration through the female reproductive tract, protozoa, and bacteria. Emphasis on mathematical theory. Experimental designs and results. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 207 and consent of instructor. Instructor: Katz. 3 units.

246. Computational Methods in Biomedical Engineering (GE). Introduction to practical computational methods for data analysis and simulation with a major emphasis on implementation. Methods include numerical integration and differentiation, extrapolation, interpolation, splining FFTs, convolution, ODEs, and simple one- and two-dimensional PDEs using finite differencing. Introduction to concepts for optimizing codes on a CRAY-YMP. Examples from biomechanics, electrophysiology, and imaging. Project work included and students must have good working knowledge of Unix, Fortran, or C. Intended for graduate students and seniors who plan on attending graduate school. Prerequisite: Engineering 53L or equivalent, Mathematics 107 or 111 or equivalent, or consent of instructor. Instructor: Henriquez. 3 units.

248. Tissue Engineering (GE, MC). This course will serve as an overview of selected topics and problems in the emerging field of tissue engineering. General topics include cell sourcing and maintenance of differentiated state, culture scaffolds, cell-biomaterials interactions, bioreactor design, and surgical implantation considerations. Specific tissue types to be reviewed include cartilage, skin equivalents, blood vessels, myocardium and heart valves, and bioartificial livers. Prerequisites: Mathmetics 108 or consent of instructor. Instructor: Bursac. 3 units.

252. Neural Signal Acquisition (GE, IM, EL). This course will be an exploration of analog and digital signal processing techniques for measuring and characterizing neural signals. the analog portion will cover electrodes, amplifiers, filters and A/D converters for recording neural electrograms and EEGs. The digital portion will cover methods of EEG processing including spike detection and spike sorting. A course pack of relevant literature will be used in lieu of a textbook. Students will be required to write signal-processing algorithms. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 154L. Instructor: Wolf. 3 units.

253. Computational Neuroengineering (GE, EL). This course introduces students to the fundamentals of computational modeling of neurons and neuronal circuits and the decoding of information from populations of spike trains. Topics include: integrate and fire neurons, Spike Response Models, Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Poisson processes, neural circuits, Weiner (optimal), Adaptive Filters, neural networks for classification, population vector coding and decoding. Programming assignments and projects will be carried out using MATLAB. Prerequisites: BME 101/201 or equivalent. Instructor: Henriquez. 3 units.

254. Fundamentals of Electrical Stimulation of the Nervous System (GE, EL). This course presents a quantitative approach to the fundamental principles, mechanisms, and techniques of electrical stimulation required for non-damaging and effective application of electrical stimulation. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Staff. 3 units.

258L. Genome Science & Technology Lab (GE, MC). Hands-on experience on using and developing advanced technology platforms for genomics and proteomics research. Experiments may include nucleic acid amplification and quantification, lab-on-chip, bimolecular separation and detection, DNA sequencing, SNP genotyping, microarrays, and synthetic biology techniques. Laboratory exercises and designing projects are combined with lectures and literature reviews. Prior knowledge in molecular biology and biochemistry is required. Instructor consent required. Instructor: Tian. Variable credit. C-L: Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 222

260. Devices for People with Disabilities (DR or GE, IM, BB). Design of custom devices to aid disabled individuals. Students will be paired with health care professionals at local hospitals who will supervise the development of projects for specific clients. Formal engineering design principles will be emphasized; overview of assistive technologies, patent issues, engineering ethics. Oral and written reports will be required. Selected projects may be continued as independent study. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 154L or equivalent, or consent of instructor. Instructor: Bohs or Goldberg. 3 units.

261. Electronic Designs for the Developing World (DR or GE, IM). Design of custom devices to help the specific and unique needs of developing world hospitals. Formal engineering design principles will be emphasized; overview of developing world conditions, patent issues, engineering ethics. Designs must be based on microcontroller or equivalent electronic circuitry. Oral and written reports will be required. Students may elect to personally deliver their projects to a developing world hospital, if selected, in the summer following the course. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 154L or equivalent, or consent of instructor. Instructor: Malkin. 3 units.

262. Design for the Developing World (DR or GR). Design of custom devices to help the specific and unique needs of developing world hospitals. Formal engineering design principles will be emphasized; overview of developing world conditions, patent issues, engineering ethics. Oral and written reports will be required. Students may elect to personally deliver their projects to a developing world hospital, if selected, in the summer following the course. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 154L or equivalent, and consent of instructor. Instructor: Malkin. 3 units.

264L. Medical Instrument Design (DR or GE, IM). General principles of signal acquisition, amplification processing, recording, and display in medical instruments. System design, construction, and evaluation techniques will be emphasized. Methods of real-time signal processing will be reviewed and implemented in the laboratory. Each student will design, construct, and demonstrate a functional medical instrument and collect and analyze data with that instrument. Formal write-ups and presentations of each project will be required. Prerequisite: Biomedical Engineering 154L or equivalent or senior standing. Instructor: Malkin, S. Smith, Trahey, or Wolf. 4 units.

265. Advanced Topics in Biomedical Engineering. Advanced subjects related to programs within biomedical engineering tailored to fit the requirements of a small group. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Staff. 3 units.

311. BME Graduate Seminars. Two semester, weekly seminars series required of all BME graduate students. Students are exposed to the breadth of research topics in BME via seminars given by BME faculty, advanced graduate students, and invited speakers. At the end of each semester students are required to write a synopsis of the seminars attended. More than three unexcused absences will result in a failing grade. Instructor: Staff. 0 units.

320. Medical Ultrasound Transducers. A study of the design, fabrication, and evaluation of medical ultrasound transducers. Topics include wave propagation in piezoelectric crystals, Mason and KLM circuit models, linear arrays and two-dimensional arrays, piezoelectric ceramic/epoxy composite materials, piezoelectric polymers, and photo-acoustic materials. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: S. Smith. 3 units.

321. Advanced Ultrasonic Imaging. This course provides students with a mathematical basis of ultrasonic imaging methods. Topics include K-space, descriptions of ultrasonic imaging, ultrasonic beam-former design, tissue motion and blood flow imaging methods, and novel ultrasonic imaging methods. Students conduct extensive simulations of ultrasonic imaging methods. Prerequisite: BME 233. Instructor: Trahey.. 3 units.

329. Continuum Biomechanics. Introduction to conservation laws and thermodynamic principles of continuum mechanics with application to tissues of the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Topics cover nonlinear and anisotropic behaviors of solids and fluids. Emphasis on the application of hyperelastic constitutive formulations to determination of stress and strain fields in deformations of calcified tissues (for example, cortical and trabecular bone), soft tissues (for example, ligament, cartilage, cornea, intervertebral disc, left ventricle, aorta), and biological fluids (for example, mucus, synovial fluid, polymer solutions). Tensor fields and indicial notation. Prerequisites: Biomedical Engineering 110L or Engineering 75L or equivalent, and Mathematics 111 or equivalent. Instructor: Setton. 3 units.

330. Finite Element Method for Biomedical Engineers. The finite element method with an emphasis on applications to biomedical engineering. Several detailed examples illustrate the finite element analysis process, which includes setting up a mathematical description of the problem, putting it into a form suitable for finite element solution, solving the discretized problem, and using advanced computer codes to check the correctness of the numerical results. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Staff. 3 units.

331. Viscoelasticity. Viscoelasticity of hard and soft tissue solids and composite structures. Linear and nonlinear one-dimensional viscoelastic behavior, internal damping, and three-dimensional viscoelasticity. Approximation techniques for determination of viscoelastic constitutive equations from experimental data. Mathematical formulations for the characterization of the dynamic behavior of biologic structures. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Myers. 3 units.

333. Biomedical Imaging. A study of the fundamentals of information detection, processing, and presentation associated with imaging in biology and medicine. Analysis of coherent and incoherent radiation and various image generation techniques. Design and analysis of modern array imaging systems as well as systems. Instructor: von Ramm. 3 units.

334. Radiology in Practice. Designed to complement BME 233 Modern Diagnostic Imaging Systems. Review and real-life exercises on principles of modern medical imaging systems with emphasis on the engineering aspects of image acquisition, reconstruction and visualization, observations of imaging procedures in near clinical settings, and hands-on experience with the instruments. Modalities covered include ultrasound, CT, MRI, nuclear medicine and optical imaging. Prerequisite: BME 233 or equivalent. Instructor: Trahey. 3 units. C-L: Medical Physics 338

335. Advances in Photonics: An Overview of State-of-the-Art Techniques and Applications. The main goal of this course is to provide and overview of various photonics techniques and their applications. The purpose is to enhance the students' breath of understanding and knowledge of advanced techniques and introduce them to the wide variety of applications in photonics, the science and technology associated with interactions of light with matter. Examples of topics include: High-resolution Luminescence Techniques, Raman Techniques, Optical Coherence Techniques, Ultrafast Laser-base Techniques, Near-Filed and Confocal Optical Techniques, Remote Sensing Techniques, Advanced Light Measurement Techniques, Optical Biosensors, Nano Micro Electrooptics Systems, Highthroughput Assays using Optical Detection, Photonics Meta Materials and Applications, Optics in Telecommunications, and Nanophotonics. The lectures will be presented by faculty members who are leaders in their areas of research in photonics. Instructor: Vo-Dinh. 3 units. C-L: Chemistry 335

340. Mechanics of Multiphase Biological Tissues. Introduction to constitutive modeling of multiphase mixtures with application to biological tissues (for example, skin, cornea, ligament, cartilage, intervertebral disc). Fundamental conservation laws and thermodynamic principles of the theory of mixtures will be reviewed. Development of constitutive equations for mixtures containing inviscid and viscous fluids, as well as hyperelastic, viscoelastic, and charged solids. Emphasis on solution methods required to determine the stress, strain, and flow fields in boundary value problems of simplified geometries, including problems for contact of two bodies. A knowledge of tensor fields, indicial notation, and partial differential equations is required. Prerequisite: Mathematics 114 or equivalent, and Biomedical Engineering 229 or consent of instructor. Instructor: Setton. 3 units.

350. Principles of Research Management. A survey of topics in modern research management techniques that will cover proven successful principles and their application in the areas of research lab organization, resource management, organization of technical projects, team leadership, financial accountability, and professional ethics. Instructor: Staff. 1 unit.

351. Seminars in Medical Physics. Medical physics is the application of the concepts and methods of physics and engineering to the diagnosis and treatment of human disease. This course consists of weekly lectures covering broad topics in medical physics including diagnostic imaging, radiation oncology, radiation safety, and nuclear medicine. Lectures will be given by invited speakers drawn from many university and medical center departments including Biomedical Engineering, radiology, physics, radiation safety, and radiation oncology. Prerequisites: background in engineering or physics. 1 CC (0.5 ES/0.5 ED). Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Lo and Samei. 1 unit.

360. Leading Medical Devices: Innovation to Market. Interdisciplinary examination of the medical device landscape for business, engineering, and medicine. Provides core tools for individuals interested in product design and development. Includes market definition and modeling, financing, reimbursement, business plan modeling, and the global marketplace. Case-based and team-based learning including developing a business plan and 510K approval will augment core instruction and guest lecturers. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Chopra. 3 units.

362. Invention to Application: Healthcare Research Commercialization. Interdisciplinary teams of students from engineering, medical science, business, and medicine work together to understand and evaluate the commercial potential of Duke faculty research innovations and develop a comprehensive research translation and business plan for one chosen opportunity. Learning includes understanding technology, product development, marketing, finance, regulatory requirements, and reimbursement. In addition to weekly lectures, students are mentored in this real world experience by a team including technology transfer experts, venture capitalists, researchers, physicians, and entrepreneurs. Prerequisites: none. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Myers, Uzbil. 3 units.

365. Advanced Topics for Graduate Students in Biomedical Engineering.. Advanced subjects related to programs within biomedical engineering tailored to fit the requirements of a small group. Consent of instructor required. Instructor: Staff. 3 units.

399. Special Readings in Biomedical Engineering. Individual readings in advanced study and research areas of biomedical engineering. Approval of director of graduate studies required. 1 to 3 units each. Instructor: Staff. Variable credit.

2008-09 Bulletin of the Duke University Graduate School

2008-09 Bulletin of the
Duke University Graduate School