Chemistry (CHEM)
Professor Warren, Chair; Associate Professor MacPhail, Associate Chair and Co-Director of Undergraduate Studies; Professor Bonk, Co-Director of Undergraduate Studies; Lecturer Roy, Associate Director of Undergraduate Studies and Supervisor of First-Year Instruction; Professors Baldwin, Beratan, Bonk, Crumbliss, McCafferty, McClendon, Ramsay-Shaw, Simon, Therien, Toone, Vo-Dinh, Warren, Widenhoefer, and Yang; Associate Professors Craig, Fitzgerald, Liu, and MacPhail; Assistant Professors Akhremitchev, Coltart, Franz, and Hong; Professors Emeriti Arnett, Chesnut, Lochmüller, McPhail, Palmer, Quin, Smith, Wells, and Wilder; Research Assistant Professors Chen, Fischer, Ke, and LaBean; Secondary Appointments: Professors Agre, Chilkoti, and Reichert; Associate Professor Oas; Assistant Professors Mukundan, Stapleton, and Zhou; Adjunct Professor Langley; Senior Lecturing Fellows Sebahar and Woerner; Instructors Box and Lyle
A major or minor is available in this department.
19. General Chemistry Credit. Pre-matriculation credit awarded on the basis of national/international examinations in chemistry such as College Board, International Baccalaureate, British Advanced Level. Depending on examination performance, placement may be for Chemistry 22L, 23L, 42L, or 151L. One course.
21L. General Chemistry. NS Emphasizes stoichiometry and atomic and molecular structure, with emphasis on applications to related fields such as biology and materials science. Laboratory work includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Prerequisite: one year of high school chemistry, a score of 610 on the Mathematics SAT or its equivalent, or consent of the supervisor of first-year instruction. Instructor: Staff. One course.
22L. General Chemistry. NS Emphasizes thermodynamics, chemical kinetics and equilibrium with emphasis on applications to related fields such as biology and materials science. Laboratory work includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Prerequisite: Chemistry 21L or consent of the supervisor of first-year instruction. Instructor: Staff. One course.
23L. Accelerated General Chemistry. NS An intensive introductory course for well-prepared students, covering in one semester the major topics of Chemistry 21L and 22L. Laboratory work includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Students may not receive credit for both Chemistry 22L and Chemistry 23L. Prerequisite: score of 3, 4, or 5 on the Chemistry Advanced Placement Examination or a satisfactory score on a Duke-administered chemistry placement examination. Instructors: Staff. One course.
26S. Introduction to Research in Chemistry. EI, NS, R Active participation in chemistry (or chemistry related) research group, accompanied by seminar classes covering research methodologies, case studies of ethical issues in chemistry, and communication of results of research. Prerequisite: Chemistry 21L or 23L or 41L or 19. Instructor: Staff. One course.
41L. Honors General Chemistry I. NS, STS Presents the curriculum of general chemistry in a "topics" approach; a series of discussions covering current research efforts used to illuminate the various fundamental concepts of chemistry, and the impact of such concepts on society, the growth of technology, and on the environment. Prerequisite: two years of high school chemistry, 680 on mathematics SAT, and consent of DUS. Normally followed by Chemistry 42L. Instructor: Staff. One course.
42L. Honors General Chemistry II. NS, STS Continuation of Chemistry 41L. Prerequisite: Chemistry 41L or consent of DUS. Instructor: Staff. One course.
49S. First-Year Seminar. Topics vary each semester offered. Instructor: Staff. One course.
50. Duke-Administered Study Abroad: Special Topics in Chemistry. Topics differ by section. Instructor: Staff. One course.
83. Chemistry, Technology, and Society. NS, STS Science, the scientific method, and background topics from chemistry, biochemistry, and environmental chemistry that enable citizens to utilize the inductive-deductive methodology of science to better evaluate the potential benefits and risks associated with selected existing and proposed technologies. Intended primarily for nonmajors. Instructor: Staff. One course.
93S. Special Topics in Chemistry. Seminar on special topics in chemistry and chemistry related areas. Content varies by semester. Instructor: Staff. One course.
100. Duke-Administered Study Abroad: Advanced Special Topics in Chemistry. Topics differ by section. Instructor: Staff. One course.
105S. Special Topics In Chemistry. Seminar on special topics in chemistry and chemistry-related areas. Content varies by semester. Consent of department required. Instructor: Staff. One course.
109. Chemistry Outreach: Sharing Chemistry with the Community. NS Principles of chemistry outreach with emphasis on chemical demonstrations. Activities include readings, discussion, and practice related to staging effective demonstrations, as well as structured service learning experiences in local schools and other venues. Societal issues relevant to chemistry outreach will be examined, along with assessment and pedagogical strategies. Participation in service learning is required. Prerequisites: Chemistry 21L or 23L or 19. Instructor: Lyle. One course.
110. Chemical Information Retrieval. NS, W Techniques for manual and on-line searching of the major sources of chemical information, and their application to writing a review article. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
117. Inorganic Chemistry. NS Bonding, structures, and reactions of inorganic compounds studied through physical chemical concepts. Prerequisite: Chemistry 161 or 166. Instructor: Staff. One course.
131. Analytical Chemistry. NS Fundamentals of qualitative and quantitative measurement with emphasis on chemometrics, quantitative spectrometry, electrochemical methods, and common separation techniques. Corequisite: Chemistry 133L. Prerequisite: Chemistry 163L or 167L. Instructor: Staff. One course.
133L. Analytical Chemistry Laboratory. NS Laboratory experiments designed to accompany Chemistry 131. Corequisite: Chemistry 131. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
151L. Organic Chemistry. NS, STS The structures and reactions of the compounds of carbon and the impact of selected organic compounds on society. Laboratory: techniques of separation, organic reactions and preparations, and systematic identification of compounds by their spectral and chemical properties. Prerequisite: Chemistry 22L, or 23L, or 42L or 19, or consent of director of undergraduate studies. Instructor: Staff. One course.
152L. Organic Chemistry. NS, STS Continuation of Chemistry 151L. Prerequisite: Chemistry 151L. Instructor: Staff. One course.
158. Physical Organic Chemistry. NS Organic reaction mechanisms including fundamental techniques and specific mechanistic classes. Prerequisites: Chemistry 152L and one semester of physical chemistry. Instructor: Staff. One course.
161. Elements of Physical Chemistry. NS Survey of physical chemistry including quantum chemistry, molecular structure, molecular spectroscopy, thermodynamics, and kinetics. Prerequisites: Chemistry 22L or 23L or 42L or 19, Mathematics 32L, and Physics 42L or 52L or 54L or 62L or consent of instructor. Instructor: Staff. One course.
163L. Physical Chemistry Laboratory. NS, W Laboratory experiments designed to accompany Chemistry 161. Includes instruction and practice in writing the laboratory notebook and formal laboratory reports. Prerequisite: (or corequisite) Chemistry 161. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
165. Physical Chemistry. NS Fundamentals of physical chemistry. Emphasizes quantum chemistry, molecular structure, and molecular spectroscopy. Chemistry 167L should be taken concurrently with Chemistry 165. Prerequisites: Chemistry 22L or 23L, or 42L or 19, Mathematics 103, and Physics 42L or 52L or 54L or 62L or consent of the instructor. Instructor: Staff. One course.
166. Physical Chemistry. NS Continuation of Chemistry 165. Fundamentals of physical chemistry. Emphasizes thermodynamics and kinetics. Chemistry 168L should be taken concurrently with Chemistry 166. Prerequisite: Chemistry 165 or consent of instructor. Instructor: Staff. One course.
167L. Physical Chemistry Laboratory. NS, W Laboratory experiments designed to accompany Chemistry 165. Includes instruction and practice in writing the laboratory notebook and formal laboratory reports. Prerequisite: (or corequisite) Chemistry 165. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
168L. Physical Chemistry Laboratory. NS, W Laboratory experiments designed to accompany Chemistry 166. Prerequisite: (or corequisite). Chemistry 166 or consent of instructor. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
176. Biophysical Chemistry. NS The physical chemical principles of and experimental methods employed in the study of biological macromolecules. Students may not receive credit for both Chemistry 176 and 196S. Prerequisite: Chemistry 161 or 165, or Biochemistry 227 (or Chemistry 175) or consent of instructor. Instructor: Staff. One course.
180L. Advanced Laboratory Techniques. NS Synthesis of less common substances by techniques such as high or low pressure, high or low temperature, and/or inert atmospheres. Characterization of products from measurements such as electrical conductance, optical rotation, ultraviolet-visible spectra, infrared spectra, and/or mass spectra. Prerequisite: (or corequisite) Chemistry 117. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
191A. Research Independent Study. R Individual research in a field of special interest under the supervision of a faculty member, the central goal of which is a substantive paper or written report containing significant analysis and interpretation of a previously approved topic. Consent of instructor and director of undergraduate studies required. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
191B. Research Independent Study. R Individual research in a field of special interest under the supervision of a faculty member, the central goal of which is a substantive paper or written report containing significant analysis and interpretation of a previously approved topic. Consent of instructor and director of undergraduate studies required. Instructor: Staff. One course.
192. Research Independent Study. R See Chemistry 191B. Consent of instructor and director of undergraduate studies required. Instructor: Staff. One course.
193. Research Independent Study. R See Chemistry 191B. Consent of instructor and director of undergraduate studies required. Instructor: Staff. One course.
194. Research Independent Study. R See Chemistry 191B. Consent of instructor and director of undergraduate studies required. Instructor: Staff. One course.
197. Introduction to Research Independent Study. NS Includes research methodology, retrieval techniques for, and use of, the chemical literature, safety in the research laboratory, and the ethical conduct of research. Co-requisite: registration for a first course in research independent study in chemistry (191B) or a related area. Lecture/discussion. Pass/fail grading only. Half course.
198. Graduation with Distinction in Chemistry. Course for majors who are candidates for graduation with distinction in chemistry. Includes preparation of the research thesis, preparation and presentation of a poster describing student's research, and oral defense of the research thesis. Pre- or co-requisite: two semesters of research independent study. Lecture/discussion. Pass/fail grading only. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
198S. Graduation with Distinction Seminar. Seminar for seniors who are candidates for Graduation with Distinction in Chemistry. Includes preparation of the research thesis, preparation and presentation of a poster describing student's research, and oral defense of the research thesis. Pass/fail grading only. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
For Seniors and Graduates
275. Advanced Studies. NS (1) Analytical chemistry, (2) inorganic chemistry, (3) organic chemistry, and (4) physical chemistry. Open to especially well-prepared undergraduates by consent of director of undergraduate studies. Instructor: Staff. One course.
276. Advanced Studies. NS Same as Chemistry 275, except carries only half course credit. Instructor: Staff. Half course.
For the A.B. Degree
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19. Mathematics 31L, 32L (or 41); Physics 41L, 42L or 51L, 52L (or 53L, 54L or 61L, 62L).
Major Requirements. Chemistry 131 and 133L, 151L, 152L, 161 (or 165, 166) and 163L (or 167L) plus one of the following three course options:
1. Three of the following: Chemistry 117, 157, 158, 166, 176, 195S,196S,198S, Biochemistry 227, 228.
2. One of the following: Chemistry 117, 157, 158, 166, 176, Biochemistry 227, plus Chemistry 191B and 192 or the equivalent in a natural science, mathematics, engineering, or a basic science department in the School of Medicine.
3. One of the following:
a. Physics emphasis. Chemistry 166 (or 176) plus two of the following: Physics 143L, Physics 181, Physics 182.
b. Mathematics emphasis. Chemistry 166 (or 176) plus either of the following pairs of courses: Mathematics 104 and Mathematics 131, or Mathematics 107 and Mathematics 108.
c. Biology emphasis. Biochemistry 227 plus two of the following: Biology 118, Biology 119, Biology 151L, Biology 152, Biology 184L, Biology 185L, Biology 244.
In certain cases, substitutions may be made for courses outside the chemistry department with consent of the director of undergraduate studies.
Recommendations. Computer Science 6 or Engineering 51, Mathematics 103 (for options one and two), and Chemistry 166 (or 176). Students planning graduate study are advised to take these recommended courses and to consult with advisors regarding appropriate additional courses.
For the B.S. Degree
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19. Mathematics 31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41); Mathematics 103; and Physics 41L, 42L or 51L, 52L (or 53L, 54L or 61L, 62L).
Major Requirements. Chemistry 117, 131, 133L, 151L, 152L, 165, 166, 167L, 168L, 180L, plus three additional courses selected according to one of the following four options. Note that only options one and two are certified by the American Chemical Society.
Option One. Certified by the American Chemical Society.
Biochemistry 227. Plus two courses of independent study: Chemistry 191B, 192, or two approved independent study courses in a science department in Trinity College, the Medical School, the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, or the Pratt School of Engineering.
Option Two. Certified by the American Chemical Society.
Biochemistry 227. Plus one of the following: Chemistry 158, 176, 195S, 275 or 276. Plus one course of independent study: Chemistry 191B or an approved independent study course in a science department in Trinity College, the Medical School, the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, or the Pratt School of Engineering.
Option Three. Not certified by the American Chemical Society.
One of the following: Chemistry 158, 176, 195S, 275 or 276. Plus two courses of independent study: Chemistry 191B, 192, or two approved independent study courses in a science department in Trinity College, the Medical School, the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, or the Pratt School of Engineering.
Option Four. Not certified by the American Chemical Society.
At least one of the following: Chemistry 191B or 192. Plus one (or none) of the following: Chemistry 158, 176, 195S, 275 or 276. Plus one approved advanced lecture course in a science department in Trinity College, the Medical School, the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, or the Pratt School of Engineering.
The Concentration in Biochemistry
In cooperation with the Department of Biochemistry in the School of Medicine, the Chemistry Department offers both an A.B. and a B.S. degree in chemistry with concentration in biochemistry. Certification of this concentration is designated on the official transcript.
For the A.B. Degree with Concentration in Biochemistry
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19; Mathematics 31 or 31L, and 32 or 32L, or equivalent, and 103; Physics 51L, 52L (or 53L, 54L or 61L, 62L); and Biology 25L.
Major Requirements. Chemistry 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161 (or 165, 166), 163L (or 167L); Biochemistry 227, 228; plus one of the following: Chemistry 191B or Biochemistry 210.
For the B.S. Degree with Concentration in Biochemistry
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19. Mathematics 31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41); Physics 41L, 42L or 51L, 52L (or 53L, 54L or 61L, 62L); and Biology 25L.
Major Requirements. Chemistry 117, 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161, (or 165
), 163L (or 167L
*), 176 (or 166
*); Biochemistry 227, 228; Biology 118, 119; plus one of the following: Chemistry 191B, Biology 191, or Biochemistry 210.
Recommendations. Mathematics 103; Chemistry 180L*, 192, 195S; Biology 184L, 192; advanced courses in biochemistry.
The Concentration in Pharmacology
In conjunction with the Department of Pharmacology in the Duke Medical Center, the Chemistry Department offers both an A.B. and a B.S. degree in chemistry with a Concentration in Pharmacology. Certification of the concentration is designated on the official transcript.
For the A.B. Degree with Concentration in Pharmacology
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19. Mathematics 31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41); Physics 41L, 42L or 51L, 52L (or 53L, 54L or 61L, 62L); Biology 25L, Biochemistry 227.
Major requirements: Chemistry 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161 (or 165, 166), 163L (or 167L); Pharmacology 150 and 160; plus 2 semesters of independent study involving some aspect of pharmacology (Chemistry 191B, 192 or Pharmacology 297, 298).
For the B.S. Degree with Concentration in Pharmacology
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19; Mathematics 31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41; and Mathematics 103 for those electing Chemistry 165); Physics 41L, 42L or 51L, 52L (or 53L, 54L or 61L, 62L); Biology 25L, Biochemistry 227.
Major Requirements: Chemistry 117, 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161 (or 165*), 163L (or 167L*), 176 (or 166*); Pharmacology 150 and 160; plus 2 semesters of independent study (Chemistry 191B, 192 or Pharmacology 297, 298).
Recommendations: Mathematics 103, Chemistry 180L*, Biology 151L, Pharmacology 160, 234, and 254.
The Concentration in Environmental Chemistry
In conjunction with the School for the Environment of Duke University, the Chemistry Department is pleased to offer both an A.B. and a B.S. degree in Chemistry with Concentration in Environmental Chemistry. Official recognition of the completion of the requirements given below will appear on the permanent transcript of a major.
For the A. B. Degree with Concentration in Environmental Chemistry
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19; Mathematics 31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41); Physics 53L-54L; or 61L-62L; plus Biology 25L, and Environment 160 OR CE 120L
Major Requirements. Chemistry 131, 133L, 151L, 152L, 161/163L (or 165*/167L, 166); Plus two of the following: Environment 179, 240, 242, 243; Plus one of the following: Chemistry 191B
or Environment 191 OR CE 197
For the B.S. Degree in Chemistry with Concentration in Environmental Chemistry
Prerequisites. Chemistry 21L and 22L; or 41L and 42L; or 23L; or 19; Mathematics 31, 32 (or 31L, 32L or 41; and Mathematics 103 for those electing Chemistry 165); Physics 53L-54L; or 61L-62L; plus Biology 25L, and Environment 160 or Civil Engineering 120L
Major Requirements. Chemistry 117, 131/133L, 151L, 152L, 161/163L, 176 (or 165/167L, 166
); Any two of the following: Environment 179, 240, 242; 243; plus one of the following: Chemistry 191B
*, Environment 191 OR CE 197
Departmental Graduation with Distinction
The department offers a program for Graduation with Distinction in Chemistry. Selection for the honor by the Chemistry Department Undergraduate Awards Committee is based on fulfilling the following requirements: at least a B average in chemistry courses at the time of application and at graduation, satisfactory completion of at least two courses of research independent study in chemistry (or in an approved chemistry-related area), enrollment and participation in Chem 198 (Graduation with Distinction in Chemistry), submission of a high quality research thesis based upon the results of independent study, nomination for the honor by the research advisor, presentation of a poster on the research project, and an oral defense of the research thesis.
THE MINOR
Requirements. Chemistry 21L or 41L, or 19; any four of the following courses: Chemistry 22L or 23L or 42L; any Chemistry courses at the 100 level or above, Biochemistry 227, Biochemistry 228, Biology 155L, Environment 240, 241, 242, Pharmacology 150, 160, 233.
Majors who wish to earn a B.S. in chemistry that is certified by the American Chemical Society must include Chemistry 165, 166, 167L, 168L, 180L, 197, and Biochemistry 227. Note: Chemistry 165 has a prerequisite of Mathematics 103.
The independent study project must involve some aspect of environmental chemistry.
Majors who wish to earn a B.S. in chemistry that is certified by the American Chemical Society must include Chemistry 165, 166, 167L, 168L, 180L, 197, and Biochemistry 227. Note: Chemistry 165 has a prerequisite of Mathematics 103.